Diaphragms
A diaphragm is a soft cup that blocks sperm from entering the cervix, thereby preventing sperm from reaching (and potentially fertilizing) an egg.
Synopsis
A diaphragm is a soft latex cup (though plastic and silicone versions may also be available) that covers the cervix, and it works by blocking sperm from entering the cervix, preventing sperm from meeting, and potentially fertilizing, an egg. The diaphragm’s rim contains a firm, flexible spring that keeps the diaphragm in place. They can be used with spermicidal cream, jelly, or foam to improve effectiveness. Most diaphragms come in different sizes and require fitting by a specifically trained provider, though a one-size-fits-all diaphragm is being developed as well that would not require seeing a provider for fitting.
A diaphragm is a soft latex cup (though plastic and silicone versions may also be available) that covers the cervix, and it works by blocking sperm from entering the cervix, preventing sperm from meeting, and potentially fertilizing, an egg. The diaphragm’s rim contains a firm, flexible spring that keeps the diaphragm in place. They can be used with spermicidal cream, jelly, or foam to improve effectiveness. Most diaphragms come in different sizes and require fitting by a specifically trained provider, though a one-size-fits-all diaphragm is being developed as well that would not require seeing a provider for fitting.
Key Points
- The diaphragm is placed deep in the vagina before sex and it covers the cervix.
- A pelvic examination is needed before starting use. The provider must select a diaphragm that fits properly.
- They require correct use with every act of sex for greatest effectiveness.
Effectiveness
Risk of pregnancy is greatest when the diaphragm is not used with every act of sex. As commonly used, about 17 pregnancies per 100 women (17%) using the diaphragm with spermicide over the first year. This means that 83 of every 100 women (83%) using the diaphragm will not become pregnant. When used correctly with every act of sex, about 16 pregnancies per 100 women (16%) using the diaphragm with spermicide over the first year.
Risk of pregnancy is greatest when the diaphragm is not used with every act of sex. As commonly used, about 17 pregnancies per 100 women (17%) using the diaphragm with spermicide over the first year. This means that 83 of every 100 women (83%) using the diaphragm will not become pregnant. When used correctly with every act of sex, about 16 pregnancies per 100 women (16%) using the diaphragm with spermicide over the first year.
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